Reading Time: 2 minutesIntroduction Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome (TDS), also known as late-onset hypogonadism, affects an estimated 2.1 to 12.8% of American males over 40, with prevalence rising sharply after age 60 according to data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Characterized by serum total testosterone levels below 300 ng/dL, TDS manifests with fatigue, reduced libido, and metabolic disturbances. Emerging research, however, highlights an underappreciated nexus: its impact on ocular health, particularly visual acuity. This article synthesizes findings from a novel ophthalmological cohort study, "VISION-T," involving 1,250 U.S. males aged 45-75, elucidating how androgen deprivation correlates with diminished visual function. By … Continue reading →